Month: May 2018
Microscopes have come an unbelievably long way since they were first developed in the late 16th century. While Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is often credited with being the creator of the first microscope, it was actually one of two optics pioneers who is the real father of the instrument: Zacharias Jansen or Hans Lippershey. Of the three, it is Lippershey who is most widely considered to be its inventor, an idea which is especially credible given that he was also the designer of the first modern-style telescope. Leeuwenhoek would not be born for nearly half a century after the earliest models were first built.
The microscopes of van Leeuwenhoek’s invention provided at best 275 x magnification. For its time it was truly impressive and broke new ground, enabling a host of scientific discoveries and advancing scientific knowledge and medicine in almost every way imaginable. Today of course, even many inexpensive of microscopes are capable of much higher levels of magnification and a variety of new microscopy technologies are available to allow scientists, physicians and researchers to get a close up look at the invisible world around us.
Optics have increased in sophistication by orders of magnitude in the last four centuries, with the lenses being used in microscopes being immeasurably improved and more powerful with every passing year. It’s not only in the design of the lenses used that microscopy has advanced – there are an array of new technologies behind the magnification power of the modern laboratory microscope.
Over the long history of these instruments, we have seen them advance to having a single objective to multiple objectives, the addition of adjustable viewing stages, improved focus mechanisms and the development of the stereomicroscope (actually two microscopes which focus on a single point rather than being one microscope with two lenses).
Microscope illumination has advanced by leaps and bounds along the way. From the earliest days of microscopy when illumination would have meant sunlight or perhaps candles, we have progressed to an age where we have not just high power microscope lenses with magnification power of up to 1000x, but illumination to light the slide from below (known as bright field microscopy) and illumination technologies which exclude scattered light to allow the observer a view of the specimen on the slide and nothing else (a method called dark field microscopy which is also used in non-optical microscopy).
Not only have optical microscopes made progress which would be unimaginable to Hans Lippershey, but there are now microscopy technologies which do not rely on optics and provide us with an incredibly powerful tool for looking deep within the natural world. Electron microscopy has been able to show us the microscopic world in greater detail and at magnifications which go beyond anything van Leeuwenhoek would have dreamed; as high as 1,000,000,000x by using a carefully directed electron particle beam to produce high resolution images.
From the lenses used in modern high power microscopes to stereomicroscopy, advances in microscope illumination and electron microscopy and other non-optical instruments, the history of the microscope has been one stunning advance after another. With each improvement comes new insight and revelations about the world around us. In an uncertain world, one thing that can be counted on is that these instruments will continue to progress and amaze us with the discoveries they facilitate.
As the technology is advancing day-by-day, people tend to live a happier and easy life. But these luxuries will never be forever, these are for the time being. Due to the ill-effects associated with developing technology, people cant live a peaceful life forever. There is a visible increase in environmental pollution levels in last two decades. The greatest health hazards are mainly caused due to air and water pollution. Air pollution is due to the emission of injurious and deadly smokes in the atmosphere from increasing number of vehicles and industries, whereas, water pollution is due to huge amount of industrial wastes being let in the sea water. As a result of which not only the human life is seriously affected, but also the plant and animal life is completely disturbed. Also, the severe climatic conditions are due to global warming which is caused because of rising levels of atmospheric pollution. All these factors will turn our green earth to ashes. Its time to think sincerely about its serious affects in future and save our ‘Planet’.
You might have often heard about ‘Recycling’ and might have wondered what it is exactly. Recycling is a method to control ecological pollution and make earth a greener planet. Recycling is to reprocess the old and used materials into fresh and useful products and this actually helps to improve our environment to a great level. Here are some advantages of recycling which in turn has a huge impact on nature.
-Preserves the limited natural resources on the earth: Recycling aids in processing old and unused things, thus saves essential raw materials that can be used afterwards in future.
-Helps to save energy: When raw materials are processed to essentialproducts, a lot of energy is needed for its processing. But recycling helps to save energy as the old products are just reprocessed to newer ones, thereby consuming lesser energy .
-Reduces pollution levels in atmosphere: Recycling aids in lowering of waste products by using effectual methods to organize waste products. This shows that the conventional methods of disposing wastes considerably reduce environmental pollution.
-Recycling even helps to control green house gas emissions. Thus, the harmful and toxic gases are reduced considerably which helps to keep the atmosphere clean.
-Helps to save space: The space used for waste disposal landfill sites are dumped with waste products and these get filled up immediately. Recycling helps to save huge space which can be utilized for other meaningful pruposes.
-Helps to control global warming: As we are aware about the fact that huge areas of land is been cleared for industries and housing. Thus, this depletes the oxygen level and increases global warming. But recycling has helped to save the ecology and control global warming to a huge extent.
All these factors show that we must encourage the process of recycling which will surely save our planet and make earth a better place to live in. If everybody uses effective techniques to recycle waste it will certainly help to improve our atmosphere. Live healthier and happier in greener earth by recycling .
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For decades people were only concerned with the question how to generate enough energy to satisfy our growing energy demand. Renewable energy technology was not on the agenda. Today this has changed. As news came out that fossil fuel resources are running out much faster than expected and damage to our environment is already causing significant changes to our climate people are now looking for new answers. Renewable energy technology is now at the forefront of our quest to solve our current energy crisis.
The energy crisis and the environmental problems are so fundamental that no single government can solve the problem alone. As a matter of fact, the problem is so vast that we cannot just rely on our governments to make changes. Each and every one of us must take responsibility for their own energy consumption and contribute as much as possible to a cleaner future.
In the Unites States the government has established the national renewable energy technology laboratory (NREL). In addition to research, the laboratory also provides information to the public about renewable energy sources.
On its’ website the NREL provides a lot of information to anybody who wants to learn about renewable energy technology. The website also provides information about the research conducted by the NREL. In particular you can read about development strategies to change the way that power is consumed in businesses, homes and even in our cars.
You can also visit the laboratory for renewable energy technology in person in Golden and in Washington. However, if your main focus is on wind energy I recommend you visit the national wind technology center instead.
At the NREL in Golden, Colorado you can learn a lot about how you can help to protect our environment and how you can save energy in your daily live. Especially the visitor’s center provides a vast array of information about renewable energy technology and how we can integrate alternative sources of energy into our daily activities. The opening hours of the center are Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm. The center is closed on weekends and public holidays.
If you are interested in alternative and clean energy sources then the NREL’s website should be one of your first focal points. It provides in-depth information about all different types of renewable energy technology, such as solar energy, wind power, biomass power and geothermal power. If you are a student you can find materials to assist with your assignments and school projects.
Since the NREL is an official institution you know that the information you find on their website is accurate and up to date.
The NREL website is especially helpful if you are interested in solar energy. The information is innovative and to the point and can be a good starting point if you are thinking about using solar renewable energy technology in your home or your office.
Finding a solution to our energy and environmental problems is a very pressing issue and the government is dedicating more and more funds to finding a solution. Recently, the US Department of Energy has allocated $107.4m to support and further efficiency and clean energy projects. The scientists at the national renewable energy technology laboratory are at the forefront of research in this area.
The NREL website also provides extensive information on solar thermal, photovoltaic and solar radiation research.
The NREL also provides help and advice to anybody who is interested in using clean renewable energy technology in their lives. If you need help to get your project started or off the ground the NREL provides the support you need. They already support clean energy projects for businesses, educational institutions, tribal communities and even many international governments.
If you are ready to make a difference and start implementing clean and green energy into your live I recommend that you inform yourself first. The national renewable energy technology laboratory’s website can be a great starting point for your own research. You will find reliable answers to many of your questions and it will give you the confidence that you know you can make a change, too!
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